{"id":82,"date":"2024-10-23T18:19:12","date_gmt":"2024-10-23T18:19:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpmu.mau.se\/msm24group1\/?p=82"},"modified":"2024-12-16T21:13:32","modified_gmt":"2024-12-16T21:13:32","slug":"the-ethics-of-empathy-trauma-informed-approach-in-humanitarian-context","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpmu.mau.se\/msm24group1\/2024\/10\/23\/the-ethics-of-empathy-trauma-informed-approach-in-humanitarian-context\/","title":{"rendered":"The Ethics of Empathy: Trauma-Informed Approach in Humanitarian Context"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\r\n

In keeping with our commitment to justice, fairness, and ethical action in humanitarian work as outlined in our Welcome Post<\/a>, this blog post will introduce a crucial ethical practice in humanitarian communication: the trauma-informed approach<\/strong>. Drawing from my personal experiences with natural disasters, I will explore how this approach can help ensure the dignity and well-being of those affected by crises.<\/p>\n

Growing up in Central Vietnam, a region often battered by typhoons and floods, I have become intimately familiar with the invisible wounds that natural disasters leave behind. I still vividly recall the 2020 floods<\/a> in my hometown. Nine major typhoons and two tropical depressions battered our region, leaving a trail of destruction in their wake. Homes were destroyed, crops were ruined, cattle and poultry were swept away. The human toll was immense, with lives and families torn apart.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
A resident navigates flooded streets in Central Vietnam, carrying essential supplies during the prolonged floods in 2020. Photo: NAM TR\u1ea6N\/Tu\u1ed5i Tr\u1ebb News<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Every year, Viet Nam suffers from 6 to 7 typhoons on average, according to UNDP<\/a>. Every year, we brace ourselves for their onslaught, hoping that our homes and communities will be spared. But even they are, the scars left behind are often as deep as the floodwaters. The impact goes far beyond the economic damage or material losses. The psychological trauma of experiencing such extreme can have a lasting effect on individuals and communities. Research on “Trauma exposure and mental health problems among adults in Central Vietnam”<\/em> by Do TTH et al. (2019)<\/a> found out that the most prevalent traumatic events in Central Vietnam are natural disasters, followed by transportation accidents and life-threatening illnesses. These stressors, combined with the country history of war and poverty, have contributed to a significant burden of trauma.<\/p>\n

The local media coverage of natural disasters in Vietnam is a tragic refrain that repeats year after year, and survivors are often treated as victims, rather than individuals who may require specialized support to cope with their trauma. In humanitarian contexts, while accurately portraying the realities of suffering is crucial, mental health often appears to be overlooked as a vital aspect of recovery. This neglect is particularly evident in the lack of trauma-informed approaches<\/strong> in both humanitarian aid and journalism.<\/p>\n

Consider the recent tragedy of Typhoon Yagi<\/a> in Northern Vietnam, along with subsequent flooding and landslides, which left 329 people dead or missing and injured 1,929 others. Vietnam National Television (VTV) quickly produced a reportage video about a 8-year-old boy named Bao, who lost his sister and father in the raging floodwaters while three of them were crossing a bridge. In the interview<\/a> at his house (24:45-24:56), Bao recounted his harrowing experiences in detail, reliving the traumatic event just days after it occurred. In a subsequent live show<\/a> (31:39-32:02), Bao was asked a deeply personal question: \u201cWhat is your best memory of your father?\u201d<\/em>. This question, posed in front of a large audience and broadcast live on television, undoubtedly triggered painful emotions for the young boy who had just experienced such a tragic accident.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Bao, a young survivor of the Yagi typhoon in 2024, shares his memories on a VTV live show. Photo: Screenshot from VTV SHOWS YouTube Channel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

This incident highlights the potential for re-traumatization when survivors are subjected to media scrutiny. While evoking empathy is important, it\u2019s equally important to do so in a way that is sensitive to the needs<\/strong> of survivors. As Gorin (2024, p. 283)<\/a> points out, affective images and emphatic words can \u201cmake suffering palatable, to persuade or command people to act\u201d<\/em>; they still raise questions about the moral implications of observing suffering from a distance by \u201cwho do not experience it directly and who, as such, may be regarded as fortunate or lucky people\u201d<\/em>, as Boltanski (1999) suggests. Moreover, it is worth highlighting the importance of obtaining informed and genuine consent<\/strong>, which is one of the key practices of trauma-informed approach. As Gorin (2024, p. 289)<\/a> continues noting, power imbalances within the aid sector hinder the ability of individuals to provide informed consent, because there is a risk that refusing to participate in media coverage may lead to exclusion from essential services.<\/p>\n

So, what are the key principles of trauma-informed approach?<\/strong><\/p>\n

According to UNICEF (2023)<\/a>, these following six key principles can be used by all professionals who work with survivors:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Safety: Assessment and reinforcement of the survivor\u2019s safety needs<\/em><\/li>\n
  2. Strength, resilience, and survival: Recognition of the survivor\u2019s inherent strength from having survived his\/her\/their trauma<\/em><\/li>\n
  3. Rebuilding of community: Provision of opportunity for survivors to connect to a community<\/em><\/li>\n
  4. Telling is acting: Recognition of the survivor\u2019s agency and power in choosing to tell his\/her\/their story<\/em><\/li>\n
  5. Cultural competency: Engagement with survivors in ways that embrace and reflect their chosen cultural origins and values<\/em><\/li>\n
  6. Meaning-making: Validation and acknowledgment of survivors\u2019 unique, subjective way of making meaning of their experiences<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    How about trauma-informed journalism?<\/strong><\/p>\n

    In a world where traumatic events are increasingly prevalent, it’s imperative for journalists to approach their stories with sensitivity and understanding. As highlighted in a guide by the NBCU Academy<\/a> on trauma-informed journalism (Carra, 2024), trauma-informed journalism involves reporting on stories with a deep awareness of trauma and its impacts on survivors. The following key takeaways are extracted from this guide, which incorporates advice from experienced journalists and trauma experts:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Prepare for interviews with care: As advised by Bruce Shapiro, Executive Director of the Dart Center for Journalism and Trauma, journalists should research survivors’ backgrounds, plan interviews carefully, and create a safe environment. Nicole Acevedo, an NBC News reporter, emphasizes the importance of starting with easy questions to ground survivors in the present moment.<\/li>\n
    2. Minimize re-traumatization: Tamara Cherry, a former TV journalist and trauma professional, advises journalists to respect survivors’ wishes regarding identification and language. She also emphasizes the importance of choosing visuals carefully to avoid re-traumatization.<\/li>\n
    3. Tell their stories with sensitivity: Nicole Acevedo stresses the importance of centering the survivor’s perspective and avoiding victim-blaming language. Nina Sen, NBC News standards director of race, class, and gender, emphasizes the importance of obtaining informed consent and allowing survivors to review their stories before publication.<\/li>\n
    4. Prioritize self-care: Former TV journalist, certified trauma professional Jeanie Y. Chang highlights the importance of self-care for journalists covering traumatic events. She emphasizes that taking breaks from difficult stories and engaging in self-care activities is crucial for maintaining mental health and well-being.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      As we mark Mental Health Awareness Month (October), it’s imperative to advocate for a trauma-informed approach in humanitarian contexts. Amidst the widespread use of hashtags like #MentalHealthMatters and #MentalHealthAwareness, it’s essential to strike a balance between raising awareness about the realities of humanitarian crises and protecting the mental health of those involved!<\/p>\n

      Chi Duong<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      In keeping with our commitment to justice, fairness, and ethical action in humanitarian work as outlined in our Welcome Post, this blog post will introduce a crucial ethical practice in humanitarian communication: the trauma-informed approach. Drawing from my personal experiences with natural disasters, I will explore how this approach can …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":717,"featured_media":85,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-82","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-disaster-response","category-well-being"],"yoast_head":"\r\nThe Ethics of Empathy: Trauma-Informed Approach in Humanitarian Context - JustHumanitarianism<\/title>\r\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\r\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wpmu.mau.se\/msm24group1\/2024\/10\/23\/the-ethics-of-empathy-trauma-informed-approach-in-humanitarian-context\/\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Ethics of Empathy: Trauma-Informed Approach in Humanitarian Context - JustHumanitarianism\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In keeping with our commitment to justice, fairness, and ethical action in humanitarian work as outlined in our Welcome Post, this blog post will introduce a crucial ethical practice in humanitarian communication: the trauma-informed approach. 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